Mobile apps are an integral part of our daily lives. From ordering food to managing finances, there’s an app for almost everything. However, with the growing number of mobile apps, ensuring their function without hiccups across various devices, operating systems, and network conditions has become a challenge for developers. This is where mobile app testing comes into play. We will discuss how you can test them with legacy mobile device labs or modern cloud device labs.

Before getting into the nitty gritty of mobile testing, let us start with the basics of what it is.

What is Mobile App Testing?

Mobile app testing is a crucial process that ensures the functionality, usability, performance, and security of a mobile application across different devices and environments. It involves a series of systematic tests and evaluations to identify and fix issues before the app reaches the end-users.

Key Objectives of Mobile App Testing

The primary objectives of mobile app testing are to:

• Ensure the app works correctly on various devices and screen sizes.
• Confirm that the app functions seamlessly on different operating systems (iOS, Android).
• Verify that the app performs well under various network conditions.
• Identify and address security vulnerabilities.
• Assess the app’s accessibility and usability.
• Evaluate the app’s overall performance.

Types of Mobile Apps

There are three main types of mobile apps:

• Native Apps: Developed for a specific platform (e.g., iOS or Android) using platform-specific programming languages and tools.
• Web Apps: Accessed through a web browser and do not need to be installed on a device.
• Hybrid Apps: Combine elements of both native and web apps and can run on multiple platforms.

Mobile app testing at the primitive level is straightforward but going to the advanced level requires quite a bit of preparation to start with so that there are minimal hiccups during and at the time of delivery.

Establishing Clear Testing Goals and Requirements

Before starting mobile app testing, it’s essential to define clear testing goals and requirements. This includes understanding the app’s target audience, functionality, and expected user experience.

Selecting Target Devices and Platforms

To ensure comprehensive testing, you need to determine the specific devices, operating systems, and screen resolutions you’ll test your app on. This decision should align with your target audience.

Creating Test Plans and Strategies

Developing comprehensive test plans and strategies is crucial. These plans should outline test cases, objectives, schedules, and resources required for testing.

Broadly there are only two testing techniques Manual and Automated

Manual Testing

Manual testing involves human testers interacting with the app to identify issues. Two common manual testing techniques are:

1. Exploratory Testing: Testers explore the app without predefined test cases to uncover hidden defects.
2. Usability Testing: Focuses on evaluating the app’s user-friendliness and user interface.

Automated Testing

Automated testing uses software tools to execute pre-defined test cases and compare actual outcomes with expected results. This approach offers several benefits, including efficiency and repeatability. Popular automated testing tools include Appium, Espresso, and XCUITest.

Mobile app testing is not a one-size-fits-all process. To ensure the highest quality, consider these best practices:

Testing Across Various Screen Sizes and Resolutions

Test your app on different screen sizes and resolutions to ensure it looks and functions well on various devices.

Testing on Different Operating Systems (iOS, Android)

As iOS and Android have different design guidelines and behaviors, test your app thoroughly on both platforms.

Testing Across Different Network Conditions

Test your app’s performance under various network conditions, including 3G, 4G, and Wi-Fi, to ensure it works seamlessly in all situations.

Security and Data Privacy Testing

Security is paramount. Regularly assess your app for vulnerabilities and potential data privacy issues. Thus keeping the security and test privacy can be difference bewteen the success or the lawsuits coming your way.

Accessibility Testing

Ensure your app is accessible to users with disabilities by testing for compatibility with assistive technologies. In 2023 accessibility is mandated and there are many standards like W3. Tools like NVDA can help with this.

Usability and User Experience Testing

Conduct usability testing to gather feedback from real users and enhance the overall user experience. Otherwise, users will simply click away from the best of the best tools and platforms.

Performance Testing

Evaluate your app’s performance under different loads and conditions to ensure it’s responsive and stable. Let’s be hopeful that we will cross the boundaries of performances and performance testing is the best way to be insured about pitfalls of success.

Native App Testing

Native app testing focuses on platform-specific features and behaviors. Testers should be familiar with the unique aspects of iOS and Android. Also the unique testing details and frameworks associated with these OS.

Web App Testing

Web app testing emphasizes cross-browser compatibility, ensuring that the app functions consistently on different browsers and devices. With advent of web 3 it is vital now.

Hybrid App Testing

Hybrid app testing combines aspects of both native and web app testing, making it essential to cover both areas adequately. A must adds to be 100 % sure in the testing endeavors.

Both are important but we have to learn when and where. For a rule of thumb if you can afford it get the real devices.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Real Devices

Testing on real devices provides a realistic environment but can be costly and time-consuming.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Emulators/Simulators

Emulators and simulators offer cost-effective testing but may not fully replicate real-world conditions.

Several tools and frameworks can aid in mobile app testing, each with its strengths and weaknesses.

How to Choose the Right Tool for Your Project

Consider factors such as your app’s complexity, budget, and team expertise when selecting a testing tool or framework.

Mobile App Testing Challenges

Mobile app testing is no way away from its challenges and hiccups. Better to be prepared about it and have a mitigation plan in advance.

Device Fragmentation

The diversity of devices and operating systems can pose challenges in ensuring consistent app performance. Inconsistent apps are the eye-sore for users.

Continuous Integration and Continuous Testing (CI/CT)

Integrating testing into the development process can be complex but is crucial for efficient app delivery. But once set up properly, it will give multifold benefits in terms of smoothness and speed of testing.

Keeping up with OS and Device Updates

Regular updates to mobile operating systems and devices require continuous testing and maintenance. It is a double-edged sword; if you can be on top of the game, you will have the best in-class app experience in the market.

User-Generated Content and Real-World Scenarios

Testing for real-world scenarios, including user-generated content, can be challenging. Users will always have novel ways of finding the use cases, and real world usages can vary a lot from the simulated environments.

Automation Challenges

Automation testing can be complex, and maintaining test scripts as the app evolves is essential. Never try to automate too much. But it must offload you from the major chunk of testing. Otherwise, speed will be the issue.

Mobile App Testing Process

These four key practices play a pivotal role in ensuring the success and quality of your app:

Test Case Design and Execution:

Effective test case design involves meticulously planning and documenting the tests that will validate your app’s functionality. Each test case should cover a specific aspect of your app, including its features, interactions, and potential use cases. When executing these test cases, systematically follow the defined steps, recording the actual outcomes. This process is essential for identifying issues and ensuring that your app behaves as expected across various scenarios.

Bug Reporting and Tracking:

Establishing a clear and efficient bug reporting and tracking process is crucial for streamlined communication between testers, developers, and stakeholders. A well-organized bug-tracking system helps in recording and managing issues effectively. When reporting a bug, provide detailed information, including steps to reproduce, expected behavior, and device details. Prioritize bugs based on their severity to address critical issues promptly.

Regression Testing:

Regression testing is an ongoing process that verifies that new updates or code changes do not inadvertently introduce new issues or disrupt existing functionality. A well-maintained regression test suite, consisting of critical test cases, should be executed after each update. Automation can help streamline this process, ensuring that previously validated features continue to work correctly.

User Acceptance Testing (UAT):

UAT involves engaging real users to evaluate your app’s usability, functionality, and overall user experience. Recruit a diverse group of testers who represent your target audience and provide them with a controlled testing environment. Collect their feedback, paying close attention to usability issues and user suggestions. UAT insights are invaluable for refining your app and aligning it with user expectations.

Monitoring and Analytics

Monitoring is crucial as this is the only way we’ll be able to improve.

Implementing App Monitoring Tools

App monitoring tools are essential for gaining real-time insights into your mobile app’s performance and user behavior. These tools provide valuable data on app crashes, load times, user interactions, and more. By continuously monitoring your app, you can proactively identify and address issues, ensuring a seamless user experience. Monitoring tools also allow you to track the app’s availability and responsiveness across different devices and network conditions, helping you maintain high levels of reliability.

Analyzing User Data for Quality Improvement

User data is a goldmine of information that can drive quality improvements and feature enhancements. You can pinpoint areas where your app can be refined by analyzing user behavior, preferences, and feedback. User data can reveal pain points, feature usage patterns, and opportunities for optimization. It empowers you to make data-driven decisions, prioritize development efforts, and tailor your app to meet user expectations better, ultimately leading to higher user satisfaction and retention.

Performance Monitoring

Regular performance monitoring is vital for identifying and addressing performance bottlenecks in your app. It allows you to track key metrics such as app load times, response times, and resource utilization. By proactively monitoring and analyzing performance data, you can optimize your app’s speed and efficiency, ensuring that it runs smoothly even as usage scales. Performance monitoring is an ongoing process that helps maintain a high-quality user experience and prevents performance-related issues from impacting user satisfaction.

Continuous Improvement

Gathering Feedback

Continuously seek input from users and stakeholders to refine your app. User feedback helps identify issues and user preferences, while stakeholder insights align development with business goals.

Iterative Testing and Development

Embrace an iterative approach to adapt your app based on feedback and testing results. Regularly refine features, address issues, and meet evolving user needs, ensuring your app evolves over time.

Staying Updated with Industry Trends

Remain current with mobile app testing trends and technologies. Embrace new methodologies and tools to maintain competitiveness and benefit from advancements in mobile app testing, gaining a market edge.

LambdaTest is a versatile AI-powered cloud-based testing platform that offers a range of solutions for mobile app testing. With LambdaTest, you can:

• Cross-browser Testing: Ensure your app functions consistently across various browsers and versions with various real mobile devices.
• App Testing: Test your mobile app on real devices to replicate real-world conditions.
• Parallel Testing: Speed up testing processes by running multiple tests in parallel.
• Automation Testing: Automate your testing workflows for efficiency and repeatability.
• Integrations: Seamlessly integrate LambdaTest with popular testing frameworks and tools. There are 120+ tolls in LambdaTest’s integration kitty.

LambdaTest simplifies the complexities of mobile app testing by providing access to a wide range of real devices and browsers, enabling you to identify and resolve issues quickly.

Remember that while LambdaTest is a valuable tool, it’s essential to choose the right testing solution based on your project’s specific needs and constraints.

In conclusion, mobile app testing is a critical aspect of the app development process. By following best practices and employing effective strategies, developers can ensure their apps meet user expectations and function seamlessly. Embrace a culture of continuous improvement, and your mobile app will thrive in the competitive app marketplace.

Automation testing is essential for many software development teams’ success as it reduces the likelihood of upcoming software problems. One prevalent misperception is that automation may be used to provide instant quality. QA teams begin to expect their automation suites to provide 100% coverage, require no maintenance, and produce work of the highest caliber overnight. There are numerous instances where test automation has been implemented to increase testing efficiency and quality.

Automated testing may not always simplify your testing process; it may make suite maintenance more difficult. Updating a Test Automation suite with unclear goals results in excessive expenses, a lack of flexibility, and an inability to assess the anticipated return on investment.

Teams working on software development and testing depend more on automated checks to ensure their product is up to business and customer standards for quality. For this precise reason, many businesses are implementing automated solutions. The global test automation market is expected to grow at a strong compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.4% from 2017 to 2025, reaching $109.69 billion, according to analysis by Transparency Market Research.

Fixing test cases to keep them current with ongoing code changes is known as test maintenance.

Businesses frequently have codes that update themselves in response to new application upgrades. Maintaining your test script through manual or automation testing ensures that it is updated with any changes made to the code. Your company will save money and time with high-quality tests on your side if you conduct routine test maintenance. For instance, to prevent failure, even the test must adapt if the identifying attribute of a UI element (ID, class, or Xpath) changes.

It is important because test maintenance reduces the time and expense of writing tests. Test maintenance allows you to update or remove data from your existing tests without continuously creating new ones. It makes automation testing easier, continuously upholds test quality, and enhances automation testing scripts to execute complex tests.

Types of Maintenance Testing

There are two types of maintenance testing that testers must work on when maintaining tests:

Confirmation Maintenance Test

This type of maintenance test validates updated code. To ensure there are no functional issues or downtime, you must track all changes, large and small, made to your code when performing this type of maintenance testing.

Regression Maintenance Testing

This type follows the confirmatory maintenance testing phase, focusing on testing the current functionality. After changing the code, the entire program is run to ensure the current functionality is correct. We call this entire process regression testing.

The following are some typical difficulties you could run into when performing test maintenance:

• If your team lacks the necessary resources and expertise, they may struggle to control the time and expense of maintaining the tests.
• If you cannot find a test automation tool to evaluate faulty or false positives.
• Maintaining the test maintenance process and keeping the tests up to date with code changes might be challenging when there is poor or delayed communication between the developers and testers.
• Testing tools that cannot identify GUI elements and the following alterations will challenge your team.
• Sometimes, testers and developers need more skills to comprehend requirements and maintain tests, either manually or using tools.

Two basic types of processes are included in test maintenance. Let’s look at each of these situations separately.

• Finding the reason behind test failures should be the first step in solving them. Unanticipated side effects, behavioral changes, or software flaws might bring it on. It can be essential to update the tests, fix the code, or perhaps both.
• Modifications may be required to guarantee smooth integration within the automation in response to changes in the dependencies of automation testing tools, such as reporting tools or APIs. This maintenance category also entails educating developers on updated tool infrastructure if necessary.
• Cloud Testing is the process of verifying the quality of software on a real-device cloud. Cloud testing tools like LambdaTest ensure a better experience in performing different types of automation maintenance.

LambdaTest plays a crucial role in easing the challenges associated with test maintenance through its robust features and capabilities. Test maintenance involves updating and adapting tests to accommodate changes in applications or environments, and LambdaTest offers several functionalities that contribute to this process.

• LambdaTest is an AI-powered test orchestration and execution platform to run manual and automated tests at scale. The platform allows you to perform real-time and automation testing across 3000+ environments and real mobile devices.
• It allows testers to perform cross-browser testing on various browsers and browser versions. This ensures that applications are compatible with various user environments. By identifying issues early on, testers can proactively address them, reducing the need for extensive maintenance later.
• The platform supports parallel testing, enabling simultaneous execution of tests across multiple browsers and environments. This significantly reduces the time required for test runs, allowing teams to iterate quickly. With faster feedback cycles, teams can promptly address issues, minimizing the impact on test maintenance.

You can continuously modify the script to match code changes to maintain a test. Monitor code changes, adjust the data, and test script steps accordingly. But do you believe that maintaining a test in this manner is feasible? What if every test script needed to be manually changed due to a significant update that affected several sections of the application? This looks like a laborious, time-consuming, and even error-prone process.

Furthermore, it is not a long-term solution to manually maintain the scripts. Here are some best practices to adhere to when maintaining a test, which is not a one-person job, regardless of whether it is automated or manual.

Neglecting maintenance might lead to future costs for automated testing tools, which are a vital component. Using best practices can help reduce the maintenance needed for automation testing, which can assist in mitigating this.

Simplify your automation design

To simplify your automation testing maintenance process, it is important to simplify your automation suite. Even though it may seem more difficult, practicing simple Selenium test automation scripts can significantly improve your productivity. You can perform low-level tests quickly by minimizing and focusing your maintenance efforts.

Adding unnecessary complexity to your test suite increases the chance of failure. However, it is best to create reusable tests in situations where complexity is required.

Simplify test maintenance with variables and the page object model

Centralizing locator and method changes and leveraging the page object model are key components of effective test automation maintenance. Tests instantly reflect updates made in one place, saving you time and effort. Additionally, using variables instead of hard-coded values ​​makes tests easier to write and maintain and promotes code reuse.

Improve the user experience with an updated UI

The UI should be updated regularly to maintain a seamless experience. UI/UX developers often forget to consider automated testing when writing code. To solve this problem, you must regularly implement a naming convention for each object and conduct Automation Testing.

Improving Test Execution Plans

Adopting a smart test execution strategy can maximize efficiency when maintaining automated tests. To cover important test cases, automate testing focusing on repetitive maintenance tests. This method ensures comprehensive test coverage and efficient problem detection, saving time and effort. Increase productivity and build software that meets high standards using smarter work instead of unnecessary testing cycles.

Write test code using DRY principles

Reduce duplication of test code bases and simplify maintenance of automated tests. The DRY (Don’t Reply Yourself) principle eliminates duplicate code and ensures a more effective and reliable test suite. Use data factories and paradigms like the page object model to centralize common functionality, simplify updates, and improve test readability.

Maintain the integrity of automated test suites and quickly resolve failed tests

Ignoring failed tests or prioritizing new test cases over problem resolution can hinder automation efforts. Test suite issues must be resolved quickly to maintain efficiency and code quality. By fixing problems as they occur, software developers can take advantage of broken window theory to avoid future degradation. To ensure a stable and reliable test suite. Maintain the overall integrity of the testing process by proactively resolving failed tests and avoiding complacency.

Automated testing prioritizes high-value, unstable features

It is important to consider which test automation features must be automated carefully to reduce maintenance effort. Focusing your automation efforts on valuable and unpredictable aspects will help your tests work as efficiently as possible. Prioritize automated tests that cover important business value cases rather than just focusing on the superficial functionality of your application. This strategic approach ensures effective and reliable testing procedures by minimizing maintenance efforts associated with test automation.

Automate Reports on Tests for Efficient Analysis

Continuous improvement in test automation depends on tracking and evaluating test results. You can expedite the process of pinpointing areas needing enhancement and evaluating the stability of various features by automating test results. Time is saved, and important information from test results is guaranteed to be easily accessible for future use. Combining Selenium with frameworks like pytest can greatly minimize maintenance efforts for test automation while improving the insights obtained from automation testing.

Impact analysis of any new enhancements

Impact analysis is an important part of responsible requirements management. It provides an accurate view of the impact of the proposed change on the application and how it may affect the application. This helps Teams make informed business decisions about acceptable changes. The analysis examines the proposed change to identify the modules to be created, modified, or dropped and to estimate the effort involved in implementing the change. The lack of impact analysis does not change the size of the task, but shockingly, it is recommended to keep the scope the same. Based on the analysis, QA should plan to update the affected automated scripts during the sprints.

Automate at API level/ lesser UI automation

The most popular automation that test engineers continue to execute is user interface tests. Most agile teams prefer UI-level automation. However, after a few months of starting the automation, the teams frequently discover that the expense of maintaining UI-level tests outweighs the advantages of the automation. Therefore, it is recommended that test engineers automate their application at the API level because doing so reduces the total cost of ownership (TCO) and improves script durability.

Regular test maintenance is essential since developers often change the code to support new features, UI adjustments, and user requests. Automation testing can efficiently identify errors in the most recent code by maintaining current test cases. However, if test maintenance is not properly handled, it can become time-consuming. Selecting an automation testing platform that facilitates test automation maintenance is crucial to overcoming this difficulty and allowing for the quick and easy maintenance of automated test cases.

Software application developers put their applications through a series of tests using specialized tools and well-defined scripts to test the various parameters of their products’ efficiency, reliability, and consistency. Automation testing is a process that automates any recursive and time-consuming manual testing task. Cross-browser testing is a process that checks the compatibility, functionality, and appearance of a web application on different browsers.

There are a handful of challenges during cross-browser automation testing, and it is essential to overcome them to make the application adhere to industry standards, maintain the brand’s reputation, and, most importantly, satisfy the user’s needs by providing a great, consistent application.

In this article, you will come to terms with cross-browser automation testing, its importance, and ways to overcome the challenges it throws.

Here are some insights on cross-browser testing, automation testing, and their interplay as cross-browser automation testing.

• Cross-browser testing: As was previously mentioned, cross-browser testing is a kind of software testing that concentrates on characteristics such as an online application’s functionality, consistency, dependability, look, and compatibility across various web browsers. It focuses on resolving the disparities caused by the differences in how browsers implement and interpret a web application due to their varying rendering methods of web standards and front-end codes.
• Automation testing: There are automatic systems everywhere. How about software testing as well? Indeed, automating any manual, repetitive testing process is what is meant by automated testing. Utilizing well-defined automation test scripts enhances the efficacy and scope of the testing procedure in automation testing.

So, it can be said that cross-browser automation testing simply means automating the cross-browser testing process. Let’s now dive into the challenges in this field and the ways to overcome them.

Here is a brief on the challenges the automation testing technique posted and their respective remedies.

Choosing the wrong automation tool

Setting up the wrong automation tool or the tool that doesn’t meet your requirements can be a nightmare. The upfront cost to own the service of any automation tool is considerably substantial, and proper research must be done before purchasing it. The right automation tool could accommodate any updates in any browser version, works well with majorly common browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Edge, and Safari,  can scrape images (screenshots) with video recording, and can create test scripts relevant to the technical changes it encounters.

Highly dynamic content of web applications

Sometimes, some web applications come up with highly dynamic content that restricts the automation tools needed to sync the testing scripts with the current state of the application. This can be handled by setting delay functions, giving the tool sufficient time to recognize the elements and start its job.

Browser extensions and plugins

Any browser extension or plugin can cause asynchronous activity between the application and the script of the tool. To avoid this, disabling extensions or plugins that are not necessary is highly appreciated. If there are any potential plugins, then a script to handle them must be developed to ensure the proper functioning of the automation tool.

Testing on multiple browsers

The major challenge in cross-browser automation testing would be examining the application against multiple browsers and their vast versions. Each browser would possess a different functionality or the same rendering methods. Their approaches to interpreting and implementing front-end and back-end codes, linguistic Unicode, and other concepts will undoubtedly diverge. Automating the testing would be tedious if the testing scripts were not well-defined. To prevent any chaos, first know your users and plan your application testing only for the browsers they prefer or the most common ones, such as Firefox, Chrome, Edge, and Safari. However, the version would change from user to user. So, a tester can go with a testing tool to resolve such compatibility discrepancies.

Differing browser versions

The test scripts used in the automated testing process might be greatly impacted by the regular updates browsers receive. The testers must stay awake to the release schedules and release channels of the major browsers or of the browsers their users mostly prefer. Some browser updates may show up automatically on the user end, and the changes may cause backward compatibility that affects the working of the existing functionality too.

The update also includes changes in the user agent strings that alter the website’s ability to identify and present the content. The automation tool or their testing scripts must be able to encounter these changes as early as possible and work accordingly. Any delay or avoidance related to updates may frustrate the clients and cause their loss.

Exhausting number of resources

Automating cross-browser testing on different combinations of operating systems, devices, and browsers with varying versions may take much work. The business setups may find it too daunting to accomplish such test processes. The best remedy to such a problem is going for cloud-based services that bear the responsibility to test the application against versatile combinations, and cloud-based services are said to be cost-effective.

It is said that such services reduce the burden created if the testing is done in an in-house infrastructure. Cloud-based services are confined and come according to the budget of the businesses as there is no infrastructure set-up or maintenance cost, which makes it a go-to service. One such cloud-based tool to perform cross-browser testing at scale is LambdaTest.

LambdaTest is an AI-powered test orchestration and execution platform to run manual and automated tests at scale. The platform allows you to perform both real-time and automation testing across 3000+ environments and real mobile devices.

LambdaTest is a comprehensive solution for cross-browser testing, addressing the complexities of ensuring seamless performance across diverse web browsers. The platform offers a range of features that facilitate efficient cross-browser testing, contributing to improved web application compatibility and user experience.

It provides access to various browsers, including popular choices like Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Internet Explorer, along with multiple versions. Additionally, users can test on various operating systems, ensuring thorough coverage across different browser-OS combinations. This expansive coverage allows testers to identify and rectify browser-specific issues early in the development lifecycle.

Problems in parallelism

As discussed earlier, cross-browser testing involves testing the web application against many combinations, which is a prolonged, time-consuming, and tedious task. Automating the testing process can be a great relief. However, there are challenges here too. When multiple tests need access to the same data, it causes problems. So, the dependencies between the tests must be nil when they are run in parallel. The infrastructure of the automation tool must be taken into account, and the limits in the parallelization of the test must be defined according to it. If not, it may lead to test failures and ineffective results.

Sometimes, the output of one test is the input of the other. If the former tests fail or give out any error, that bug must be eradicated, and the latter must be started. The test scripts must be defined to adjust to such situations and environments.

Ignorance of real-time conditions

For effective testing, considering real-time scenarios is highly necessary.  Using real devices against emulators is still a topic that has been discussed. However, businesses have started preferring real device clouds for testing their application that offers real-time scenarios and reliable testing results. The emulators mimic the real devices, and sometimes, when their parameters are wrongly set, it may lead to an inaccurate test result.

Budgetary issue

As mentioned earlier, the upfront costs of buying an automation tool are considerably substantial. It involves configuration management costs, license costs, installation costs, operational costs, and so on. Implementing this testing tool usually costs a lot and may cause budgetary issues in-house.

Browsers develop strict legal policies, like same-origin policies, that do not apply to the elements in the different domains. This is one of the major challenges in automation testing. The test script developers must remember the different legal policies of cross-domains before they draw a test script. Such situations can be faced when cross-origin resource sharing(CORS), a mechanism to pave the way for interaction between applications and domains different from where the applications were loaded previously, is possible.

Challenges faced by the testers

• Threads in script development tools often come with a learning curve. The testers or test engineers may take some time studying the functionalities and learning curves of the tool. This may lead to potential errors in test scripts created by the testers due to their unfamiliarity with the tool. Designing test scripts requires great research, analysis, and requirements evaluation. Poorly designed scripts might result in an inability to understand, maintain, and debug them.
• Lack of frequent updation- The test engineers must be aware of the frequent updates in the browsers and their versions and amend their test scripts accordingly. If not, the tool may fail to give reliable test results.
• Data inaccuracy- The data must be maintained consistently with integrity. When tests are run on outdated data, the result may include inaccurate positives and negatives that are not true.
• Adhering to application changes– When any change is made, the same must be reflected in the test scripts too. The testers must be aware of the changes and update their test scripts.
• External conditions- The testing also depends on external conditions like networking and system loads. They are non-deterministic conditions. However, they can cause inaccurate test results.
• Errors in the code- Errors in CSS/HTML codes, incorrect DOCTYPE, and issues in JavaScript can be major threats to automated testing. Any lack of valid front-end codes may throw a bug. So, before an application is tested, the codes must be checked with code validators. Though invalid codes may run on Chrome and Firefox, the same is not expected in the case of other browsers too.

Cross-browser testing is a technique that can never be neglected while testing a software application. Automating it is a great idea unless it does not throw any major challenges that might destroy the whole testing process. Though there are mighty challenges in cross-browser automated testing, they can be overcome effectively by addressing them immediately and implementing relevant strategies to produce an effective testing result.

Some of the major challenges and threats were discussed in this article, along with the solutions that could solve the disparities caused by the challenges. Hope the article answered your queries on this topic and cleared your doubts

Today, we’re going to talk about the importance of ranking well for crypto keywords in 2022. Why does this matter? Because even if you have a great product or service, no one will ever see it if you don’t rank on Google and other search engines. You need to be found by people looking for what your business is offering.

Getting started with SEO when it comes to crypto keywords can seem intimidating at first. But once you get into the swing of things and understand everything that goes into effective SEO strategies, it’s a lot easier than most people think.

There are several queries that a new crypto user might have like how to buy cryptocurrency, purchase cryptocurrency, buy crypto with a credit card, convert cryptocurrency (fiat), and more. Focusing on the most common questions will help you rank better when it comes to crypto keywords. Here’s how you can do so.

The next step is to write the content. This can be challenging but it’s important to remember that you should focus on creating great content for humans instead of trying to rank highly in search engines. You want your website visitors and social followers to read your content and share it with their friends and colleagues, not only those who are looking specifically for crypto keywords.

If you are writing about a topic that has multiple aspects or angles, use your keyword once per paragraph. It should be in the first sentence of the first paragraph, in the last sentence of each subsequent paragraph, and once more in either position 1 or 2 of an article (depending on which we’ve been talking about).

Identify the keywords you want to rank for. This is where we need to start. You need to know what your target audience is searching for before you can figure out how to rank better in those searches. Try using Google’s Keyword Planner tool, which shows search volume and estimated competition metrics (like cost per click) for specific queries.

Lastly, there are tools like SEMrush that provide recommendations based on trending topics within specific industries—and if none of these tools work well enough for your purposes, there are plenty more options out there.

Backlinks are the backbone of SEO. A healthy backlink profile can help you rank for a wide variety of search terms and keywords, including those related to crypto. Backlinks are a good indicator of authority. If other sites are linking to you, it’s a signal that your site is authoritative and worth visiting.

There are three types of links you should go after:

• Links from other sites in your niche (brand mentions) – this will help improve your ranking for relevant keywords in that niche
• Links from authoritative sites outside your niche (influencer mentions) – will help improve your overall authority score on Google Search
• Backlinks built by guest posting on other websites

The key here is building backlinks consistently over time. Not just one-off links or guest blogging gigs here and there.

Now that you know how to build your presence in the cryptocurrency space, it’s time to learn how to increase your visibility on other people’s sites. The best way to do this is by contributing content to crypto blogs. Some may think that getting featured on a blog is too difficult. You don’t have the right connections or enough experience but it’s actually quite simple and only requires two things, finding the right blogs and making sure that your content is worthy of being featured.

To find a good blog, start by looking up “crypto” in Google News or any other news aggregator. You’ll see major news outlets like Forbes, Bloomberg, and Business Insider pop up as well as smaller ones with fewer followers but bigger audiences (like Coin Telegraph). These are all worth checking out because they each serve different audiences with different needs.

Social media is a great way to promote your crypto website and the content you produce. It’s also a great way to build up your brand recognition, increase traffic, and get new subscribers.

Here are some tips for using social media:

• Post regular updates about crypto on all of your channels (Twitter, Facebook, Instagram). Don’t be afraid to post more than once per day—this is an industry that moves fast! You’ll want to be keeping people updated with the latest news on what’s happening in the cryptocurrency world.
• Share articles from other publications that discuss cryptocurrencies or blockchain technology. This will help spread awareness about this growing field of study and allow you to engage with people who may not have heard about it yet.

These practices will help you rank better for crypto keywords in 2022 and beyond. In 2018 Google announced that they were going to stop showing ads for cryptocurrency-related products and services but later removed the ban. If you want to rank well for keywords related to the blockchain or crypto-related topics like investing or trading cryptocurrencies. You can improve your search engine rankings by following these best practices.